What is a GFCI, and where is it typically required?

A Ground Fault Circuit Interrupter (GFCI) is a device designed to protect people from electric shock by monitoring the current flow in a circuit. If it detects an imbalance between the current flowing into the circuit and the current returning, which can occur if there is a ground fault, it quickly cuts off the electrical supply. This fast operation helps prevent serious injury or death due to electric shock, particularly in wet or damp locations where the risk is higher.

GFCIs are typically required in specific areas where the risk of electrical shock is greater, such as bathrooms, kitchens, and outdoor locations. These areas often have more exposure to moisture, which increases the likelihood of ground faults occurring. The National Electrical Code (NEC) mandates the installation of GFCIs in these specific locations to enhance electrical safety. The requirement aims to minimize the risks by ensuring that these safety devices are readily available where electrical devices are used in close proximity to water sources.

Understanding the function and required placement of GFCIs is crucial for ensuring electrical safety in residential and commercial installations, and compliance with NEC guidelines.